Evaluation of NDV4 thermostable feed-based vaccination effects on rural chicken productivity in Adamawa State, Nigeria

Wesley Daniel Nafarnda| Japhet Habu Baraya| Olatunde Hamza Olabode| Malang Kawe Simon

Abstract
Background: Newcastle disease (ND) has been documented as one of the major viral diseases that hampers poultry productivity. Oral Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccination has been documented as a method for control of the disease with varied effects in scavenging rural poultry especially in Nigeria.
Aim: This cross sectional study was conducted to establish the impact of V4 thermostable ND vaccination on rural poultry productivity using corn bran (dusa) as alternative vaccine carrier in five Local Government Areas (LGA) in Adamawa state, Nigeria.
Method: Structured questionnaire on general knowledge, practice and productivity indicators was administered thrice to participating household poultry farmers alongside administration of feed based V4 thermostable ND vaccination in chickens. Sera obtained from forty (40) chickens per LGA during pre-vaccination, post-vaccination and post-booster vaccination with NDV4 thermostable vaccine were subjected to Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test.
Result: Antibody detection showed seroconversion in chickens 28day post vaccination and post booster vaccination with significant (P<0.05) antibody titer increase from 1:16 - 1:1024 and mean GMT 2.87 - 5.09 amongst 61.5 - 87.0% tested chickens. Questionnaire further showed V4 thermostable ND vaccination had significant effect on morbidity, mortality, hatchability, culling and ultimately the flock productivity.
Conclusion: Corn-bran feed based vaccination demonstrated effective delivery and suitability of V4 thermostable ND vaccine use in scavenging village chickens in Adamawa State, Nigeria.

Key words: NDV4 thermo-stable vaccine, feed-based vaccination, HI test, rural chicken, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

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